A study analyzing a series of four multi-center trials has shown significantly better 5-year overall survival for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients aged 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when compared with no and other post-remission therapies. The trials enrolled 1,155 patients between 2001 and 2010, and the 640 patients who obtained a first complete remission after induction chemotherapy were included in the analysis. Multivariate analysis with allogeneic HCT as a time-dependent variable showed that allogeneic HCT was associated with better 5-year overall survival (HR 0.71 [95% CI 0.53-0.95], p=0.017) compared with non-allogeneic HCT post-remission therapies or no post-remission therapy, especially in patients with intermediate-risk (0.82 [0.58-1.15]) or adverse-risk (0.39 [0.21-0.73]) AML.
Versluis J, et al. Lancet Haematol