Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have largely replaced hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as first-line treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the authors of this review note that HCT remains a curative option for accelerated/blastic-phase CML and selected chronic-phase CML. Strategies for optimizing HCT outcomes include pre- and post-transplant TKI administration, choice of conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis, BCR-ABL monitoring, and relapse management. The authors discuss current controversies in HCT, including transplant timing, pediatric CML, fertility preservation, alternative donors, and economics.
Review: Role of HCT for CML in the 21st Century
Apr 2015