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Recent Research

Stay up-to-date on the advancing field of HCT with short summaries and links to the most relevant published research.

  • Structural racism variable accounts for almost all racial and ethnic disparity AML survival

    April 2022
    Abraham I, et al. – Research published in Blood Advances reviews health disparities among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Results show a novel structural racism variable accounts for nearly all disparity in AML survival in this first-of-its-kind analysis.

    Read More

  • Age alone should not be a barrier to HCT for adults with AML

    April 2022

    Maakaron JE, et al.  – Research published in Bone Marrow Transplantation suggests that age alone should not be a deciding factor when determining candidacy for transplant in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and transplant should be considered a standard of care option for patients of all ages with AML in first complete remission. This study showed that all age groups reached comparable 3-year overall survival, and differences between younger and older groups were better explained by comorbidities and other factors than age.

     

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  • Cyclophosphamide is Effective GVHD Prophylaxis in Matched Related and Unrelated HCT

    November 2021
    Ruggeri A, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2017 – In patients with acute leukemia, post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) can effectively control GVHD after matched related and unrelated donor HCT, and is even more effective when combined with 1 or 2 immunosuppressive drugs.

    Read More

  • Rapid donor identification improves survival in high-risk first-remission patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

    March 2021

    John M. Pagel, MD, PhD, Megan Othus, PhD, et al – Barriers to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing and cytogenetic testing can significantly impact the overall survival of patients newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).  In this landmark study, a concerted effort to address those issues and streamline the initiation of donor identification and referral for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) consultation in early disease state led to a higher CR1 transplantation rate and improved 2-year overall survival.

    Read More

  • Are outcomes comparable by age in MAC vs. RIC transplantation for patients with AML in CR2?

    September 2019
    Gileese MH, et al., Leukemia – In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) transplanted in second complete remission (CR2), strength of the conditioning regimen — myeloablative (MAC) vs. reduced intensity (RIC) — had no significant difference on transplant outcomes, with the exception of non-relapse mortality, which was significantly higher after MAC transplantation in patients 50 years and older.

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  • Comparable long-term outcomes in matched unrelated and sibling donor HCT in older patients with AML

    August 2019

    Shimoni A, et al., Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – In an analysis of 1134 patients age 50 or older with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), two-year hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) survivors experienced comparable 10-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) with matched sibling or unre-lated donors.

     

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  • Gait speed can predict survival, hospital use in older patients with blood cancers

    July 2019
    Liu MA, et al., Blood – Researchers assessing gait speed and grip strength in 314 patients aged 75 and older with MDS/leukemia, myeloma, or lymphoma found that a decrease in gait speed was significantly associated with higher mortality, increased unplanned hospitalizations, and emergency department (ED) visits. A decrease in grip strength was associated with significantly worse survival, but not hospital or ED use.

    Read More

  • Using molecular data and MRD status improves HCT survival estimates for adults with AML

    June 2019
    Kongtim P, et al., J Clin Oncol – By analyzing outcomes of 1414 consecutively treated adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), researchers have developed a new AML-specific Disease Risk Group (AML-DRG) risk stratification scoring system using molecular data and minimal residual disease (MRD) status that can improve pre-transplant survival estimates.

    Read More

  • Better long-term outcomes with allo-HCT compared to chemotherapy in older patients with AML in CR1

    June 2019
    Ustun C, et al., Leukemia – In an alliance study of patients with AML, age 60-75 in CR1 (n=431), results indicate superior long-term outcomes with allogeneic HCT compared to a similar patient cohort treated on prospective National Clinical Trials Network induction and non-transplantation chemotherapy consolidation trials (n=211).

    Read More

  • Sequential high-dose chemotherapy improves outcomes in adult AML

    May 2019

    Bassan R, et al. Blood Advances – Sequential high-dose (sHD) chemotherapy yielded a significantly better early induction response and survival than standard-intensity idarubicin-cytarabine-etoposide (ICE) chemo-therapy, according to results of a randomized study of 574 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In patients aged 60 years and less with de novo AML, sHD chemotherapy also improved overall/relapse-free survival. 

    Read More

  • Event-free survival improved with midostaurin for patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated AML

    February 2019

    The addition of the multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, midostaurin, to chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) significantly improved event-free survival (EFS) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT 3 internal tandem duplication (ITD). That’s according to the

    Read More

  • Timing of molecular testing may enhance treatment decisions for patients with AML

    January 2019

    For patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the timing of molecular testing can enhance patient management decisions and clinical trials recommendations. Researchers highlighted evidence that supports molecular testing at diagnosis, complete remission and relapse. At diagnosis, gene panel sequencing

    Read More

  • Allogeneic HCT improves 5-year survival for patients over 60 with AML in CR1

    December 2018

    Devillier R et al.  ASH Annual Meeting 2018 - Results from a recent multicenter analysis support hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as a curative option for patients over 60 with acute myeloid leukemia. Researchers found that HCT improved relapse-free survival and overall survival for older patients at 5 years when compared with patients who did not undergo HCT. (Devillier R et al.  2018 ASH Annual Meeting)

    Read More

  • Survival has significantly improved in recent years for patients with AML undergoing HCT

    December 2018
    Canaani J, et al. Journal of Internal Medicine - Researchers analyzed outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in the past 20 years. Patients who underwent HCT in more recent years experienced significantly improved overall survival and decreased non-relapse mortality.

    Read More

  • Geriatric assessment helps inform decision making and management for older adults with AML

    November 2018

    Loh KP and Klepin HD. Blood Advances - The presenters of this Blood Advances Talk recommend geriatric assessment for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). They reason that adults of the same age can vary based on underlying health status and physiologic reserve, therefore, decision making and management cannot be optimized using strategies based on chronologic age.

    Read More

  • Emerging prognostic factors identify older adults with high-risk AML likely to benefit from HCT

    November 2018

    Veltri L, et al. Bio Blood Marrow Transplant - In a recent study, researchers analyzed hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) outcomes in 185 patients (age >65) with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and found the strongest independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) and relapse was associated with achievement of measurable residual disease negative status prior to HCT. Additional prognostic factors identified in this study could help identify patients most likely to benefit from HCT treatment.  

    Read More

  • Residual disease assessment using next gen-sequencing is predictive of outcomes for patients with AML

    October 2018

    Felicitas T., et al. Blood Journal – In this study, researchers found that next-generation sequencing (NGS) molecular measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is highly predictive of relapse and survival outcomes when tested in complete remission (CR) before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

    Read More

  • Risk-Adapted Treatment Strategies for Older Patients with AML

    July 2018
    Arellano M, et al. Cancer – In this review, the authors argue that the current treatment algorithm for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ─ induction, followed by consolidation (with or without transplantation) versus hospice ─ is no longer sufficient.

    Read More

  • Minimal Residual Disease Identifies Patients Who May Benefit from HCT in First Complete Remission

    June 2018
    Freeman SD, et al. J Clin Oncol – A large-scale, long-term study of adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has shown that measurable or minimal residual disease (MRD) status can be used for risk stratification to determine which patients may benefit from hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

    Read More

  • Sorafenib Improves HCT Outcomes in Patients with FLT3-ITD AML

    April 2018
    Xuan L, et al. Cancer – Three-year relapse rates were cut in half when allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patients with FLT3‐ITD acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received pre-transplant sorafenib, according to results of a study of 144 patients.

    Read More

  • Second HCT Effective for Subset of Relapsing Children with Acute Leukemia

    April 2018
    Yaniv I, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – This multi-center study of 373 children who relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) revealed several prognostic factors predicting overall survival and leukemia-free survival in a subset of these patients.

    Read More

  • Risk-Stratification Tools for Treating Patients with AML in CR1

    February 2018
    Menghrajani KN, et al. Blood Advances – This podcast discusses the state-of-the-art tools available to physicians to risk-stratify patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1).

    Read More

  • Personalized HCT Prognostic Risk Scores Identified for Children with Acute Leukemias

    January 2018
    Bitan M, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – Researchers analyzed outcomes of children with acute myeloid (AML, n=790) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n=1,096) who survived for at least 1 year in remission after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have developed personalized long-term prognostic scoring systems for these patients.

    Read More

  • Early Detection of WT1 Minimal Residual Disease Predicts Outcomes in AML

    December 2017
    Lambert J, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2017 – Using Wilms’ tumor gene (WT1) expression as a marker for minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a powerful prognostic factor in treatment selection, according to a study of 713 patients with AML.

    Read More

  • Molecular MRD Detection by NGS Predicts Relapse and Survival in Adults with AML

    December 2017
    Jongen-Lavrencic M, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2017 – A study of 482 adults with newly diagnosed AML has demonstrated that prospective molecular minimal residual disease (MRD) detection by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of residual leukemia defined by non-DTA mutations in complete remission (CR) is an independent predictor for relapse and survival.

    Read More

  • New Composite Model Predicts Mortality Risk in AML

    December 2017
    Sorror ML, et al. JAMA Oncol – Researchers have developed and validated a novel, risk-stratifying acute myeloid leukemia (AML) composite model (CM) incorporating comorbidities, age, and cytogenetic and molecular risk factors to predict mortality after initial therapy, which can guide clinicians in determining appropriate therapies for their patients with AML.

    Read More

  • The Current Therapeutic Landscape of FLT3 Inhibitors

    November 2017
    Levis M. Blood Advances – In this 15-minute audio presentation, Dr. Mark Levis of Johns Hopkins University reviews the current clinical status of the FLT3 inhibitors midostaurin, quizartinib, gilteritinib, sorafenib, and crenolanib in treating patients with FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia.

    Read More

  • Intermediate-Risk ‘Triple-Negative’ AML at CR1: Improved Outcomes with HCT

    October 2017
    Heidrich K, et al. Ann Oncol – For patients with intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) without FLT3-ITD, biallelic CEBPA, and NPM1 mutations (triple-negative AML) who achieve complete remission, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) significantly improved treatment outcomes.

    Read More

  • Haploidentical HCT is Safe and Effective for Older Patients with AML/MDS

    October 2017
    Ciurea SO, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is an appropriate therapy for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and can result in a 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 74% in selected patients.

    Read More

  • Vorinostat Can Lead to Lower Incidence of Acute GVHD

    September 2017
    Choi SW, et al. Blood – Adding vorinostat to a standard pre-transplant graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis can significantly lower the incidence of acute GVHD, according to results of a prospective, phase II study.

    Read More

  • Study Identifies Optimal Therapies for Relapsed Pediatric AML

    September 2017
    Karlsson L, et al. Br J Haematol – A large-scale study of children with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has found that intensive re-induction therapy followed by hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in second complete remission (CR2) is the best available treatment for the majority of these patients.

    Read More

  • Comorbidity Scores are Prognostic of Overall Survival in Relapsed/Refractory AML

    July 2017
    Middeke JM, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – Comorbidity evaluations can provide clinically useful prognostic information at the time of diagnosis of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to results of a phase II trial.

    Read More

  • Cytogenetic Risk Prognostic of HCT Outcomes in Older Patients with AML in CR2

    May 2017
    Michelis FV, et al. Cancer – Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative treatment option for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in second complete remission (CR2), particularly for those with favorable or intermediate cytogenetic risk, according to researchers who studied 169 transplants at 78 centers.

    Read More

  • Updated ELN Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Management of AML in Adults

    March 2017
    Döhner H, et al. Blood – The 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommendations for diagnosis and management of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in adults includes updates based on several recent advances in AML, most notably advances in knowledge of the genomic landscape of the disease.

    Read More

  • Improved HCT Outcomes for Fit Patients with MDS/AML After Standard Conditioning

    March 2017
    Scott BL, et al. J Clin Oncol – This randomized phase III trial of 272 adults with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) found that patients with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) comorbidity index scores ≤4 and with <5% marrow myeloblasts had better relapse-free survival (RFS) after HCT with myeloablative conditioning (MAC), than after reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC).

    Read More

  • Emerging Trends in Managing FLT3-Mutated AML

    January 2017
    Pratz KW, et al. Blood – In this installment of the “How I treat …” series in Blood, the authors present four clinical case studies of patients with FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to illustrate their strategies to treat both newly diagnosed patients and those with relapsed or refractory disease.

    Read More

  • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Improves Post-HCT Outcomes in Patients with AML

    December 2016
    Brunner AM, et al. Br J Haematol – In a single-center study of consecutive adults with FLT3 - internal tandem duplication (ITD) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 29 patients transplanted in first complete remission (CR1) who received post-transplant sorafenib had significantly better outcomes than 55 patients in a control cohort.

    Read More

  • High-Risk Patients with AML Undergoing Early HCT Have Improved Outcomes

    December 2016
    Pagel JM, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2016 – In newly diagnosed adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), early identification of high-risk cytogenetics and HLA testing with an organized effort to identify a suitable allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) donor can lead to a higher transplant rate and better transplant outcomes, according to research presented at ASH.

    Read More

  • Somatic Mutations Improve Transplant Prognostics in MDS

    November 2016
    Della Porta MG, et al. J Clin Oncol – In a study of 401 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) evolving from MDS (MDS/AML), researchers found that ASXL1, RUNX1, and TP53 mutations were independent predictors of higher rates of relapse and lower overall survival (p values <0.001 and p=0.017, respectively) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in both patients with MDS and MDS/AML.

    Read More

  • Is Cord Blood the Best Alternative Graft Source for Patients with Minimal Residual Disease?

    October 2016
    Milano F, et al. N Engl J Med – A retrospective study of 582 patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes has shown that umbilical cord blood may be a superior graft choice for the approximately 70% of patients who lack an HLA-matched related donor, especially if they are minimal residual disease positive (MRD+).

    Read More

  • Pre-HCT Genetic Profiling Can Identify AML Patients at Increased Risk for Relapse

    September 2016
    Luskin MR, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – Researchers used next generation sequencing (NGS) of 26 genes and found mutations in TP53, WT1 and FLT3-ITD were associated with an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse after HCT (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] 2.90, p=0.009; aHR 2.51, p=0.02; and aHR 1.83, p=0.07, respectively).

    Read More

  • FLT3 Mutation Has No Effect on Survival in HCT for AML

    July 2016
    Deol A, et al. Cancer – This multi-center study of 511 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed that FLT3 mutation status had no effect on non-relapse mortality (NRM), leukemia-free survival (LFS), or overall survival (OS) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

    Read More

  • Comparable Survival, More GVHD Risk Using EBV-Seropositive HCT Donors

    July 2016
    Styczynski J, et al. J Clin Oncol – A large-scale retrospective study of the effect of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serostatus on outcomes of allogeneic HCT in 11,364 patients with acute leukemia found that patients receiving grafts from EBV-seropositive donors had the same overall survival as patients who received grafts from EBV-seronegative donors.

    Read More

  • Early HCT Warranted in Therapy-Related MDS, AML

    June 2016
    Finke J, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant – In this long-term study of 79 patients with therapy-related myelodysplasia (t-MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) and OS rates in this high-risk patient cohort were 35% and 38%, respectively.

    Read More

  • Review: How I Treat AML Patients with Preexisting Comorbidities

    June 2016
    Ofran Y, et al. Blood – In this installment of the “How I treat …” series in Blood, the authors present eight clinical vignettes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and discuss practical approaches to comorbidities that affect clinical decision-making, especially in determining which patients are candidates for allogeneic HCT.

    Read More

  • Minimal Residual Disease a Powerful Prognosticator in Standard-Risk AML

    February 2016
    Ivey A, et al. N Engl J Med – Minimal residual disease (MRD) detected by quantitation of NPM1-mutated transcripts is more predictive of relapse and survival than molecular profiling in patients with NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study of 2,569 samples obtained from 346 patients with NPM1-mutated AML.

    Read More

  • Review: Maintenance with TKIs Post-Transplant in FLT3-ITD Positive AML

    February 2016
    Schiller GJ, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – This review discusses the clinical evidence on FLT3-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) being used as post-transplant maintenance in patients with FLT3-ITD acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who are at high-risk for disease relapse.

    Read More

  • Review: HCT for Patients with AML in First Complete Remission

    January 2016
    Cornelissen JJ, et al. Blood – In this review, part of a Blood journal special review series on acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the authors note that although the majority of patients AML enter remission upon induction chemotherapy, the risk of relapse is considerable and it varies greatly according to age and genetic subtype.

    Read More

  • AML Review Series in Blood Highlights Latest Advances

    January 2016
    Löwenberg B, et al. Blood – The journal Blood has published a six-article series examining the current and future treatment of AML to guide the optimal individual treatment approach.

    Read More

  • ATG Significantly Lowers Rate of Chronic GVHD

    January 2016
    Kröger N, et al. N Engl J Med – Adding anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) to a myeloablative conditioning regimen can cut the 2-year rate of chronic GVHD in half, according to results of a multi-center, prospective randomized trial of 168 patients transplanted for acute leukemias.

    Read More

  • Minimal Residual Disease Best Method to Define Complete Remission in AML

    January 2016
    Araki D, et al. J Clin Oncol – Results of a study of 359 adults transplanted for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) indicate there is clinical relevance to minimal residual disease (MRD) that may lead to a better estimate of expected treatment outcomes.

    Read More

  • Higher Relapse-Free Survival with Myeloablative HCT in Patients with AML and MDS

    December 2015
    Scott BL, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2015 – A phase III randomized trial presented at the ASH Annual Meeting has shown that although reduced-intensity regimens have lower treatment-related mortality (TRM), they also incur higher relapse rates.

    Read More

  • Azacitidine Feasible as a Bridge to HCT in Patients with Higher-Risk MDS or Low-Blast Count AML

    December 2015
    Voso MT, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2015 – A multi-center study of 93 patients with higher-risk MDS or low blast count AML demonstrated that induction with azacitidine (AZA) is a feasible “bridge to transplant,” with 52% of patients able to undergo HCT.

    Read More

  • Meta-Analysis: Age Not a Determining Factor in HCT Selection for AML

    November 2015
    Rashidi A, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – A meta-analysis of 749 patients >60 years undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has shown that older age per se should not be the sole criterion against selecting HCT therapy.

    Read More

  • Low Non-Relapse Mortality, GVHD after HCT in Older Patients with AML in First Remission

    November 2015
    Devine SM, et al. J Clin Oncol – A multi-center phase II study of 114 patients aged 60-74 years with AML in first remission has found that reduced-intensity HCT can lead to a low incidence of non-relapse mortality (NRM) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

    Read More

  • HCT Yields Best Outcomes in Patients ≥60 Years with AML

    October 2015
    Versluis J, et al. Lancet Haematol – A study analyzing a series of four multi-center trials has shown significantly better 5-year overall survival for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients aged 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when compared with no and other post-remission therapies.

    Read More

  • Review: Acute Myeloid Leukemia

    October 2015
    Döhner H, et al. N Engl J Med – In this review, the authors describe recent advances in disease classification, identification of prognostic factors, understanding of the genomic landscape, current treatment, and new therapies under investigation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults.

    Read More

  • AML patients ≥70 Achieve 60% Estimated Survival with UCB HCT

    October 2015
    Sandhu KS, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – In this single-center retrospective study of 22 transplant recipients 70 years and older, 10 patients undergoing umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation had an estimated 2-year overall survival of 60%.

    Read More

  • Review: Treating Early Relapsed and Refractory AML

    August 2015
    Thol F, et al. Blood – In this installment of the “How I treat ...” series in Blood, the authors note that few patients with primary refractory or resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be cured with conventional salvage therapy, and they should therefore be evaluated for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

    Read More

  • Haploidentical vs. Matched Unrelated HCT for AML

    July 2015
    Ciurea SO, et al. Blood — This study of 2,174 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared using haploidentical (n=192) and 8/8 HLA-matched unrelated donor (n=1,982) grafts.

    Read More

  • Extramedullary Disease in AML Does Not Affect HCT Outcomes

    May 2015
    Goyal SD, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant — Researchers analyzing outcomes of 9,797 allogeneic transplants in patients with AML - including 814 patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) - have found that EMD does not affect transplant outcomes.

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  • Comparable Survival in Cord Blood, Mismatched Unrelated HCT for AML

    May 2015
    Malard F, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant — A long-term study of 651 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving reduced-intensity (RIC) or nonmyeloablative conditioning (NMA) transplantation has found comparable four-year survival with umbilical cord blood and mismatched unrelated donors: 47.9% vs. 50.5%, respectively (p=0.81).

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  • Comparable HCT Outcomes for Patients with de novo or Secondary AML in CR1

    April 2015
    Michelis FV, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant — A single-center study of 264 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML; n=180) and secondary AML (sAML; n=84) in first complete remission (CR1) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has shown that both patient groups have comparable long-term outcomes.

    Read More

  • Review: Reduced-Intensity HCT in Adults with AML

    March 2015
    Reshef R, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant — In this review, the authors discuss the current status of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in treating acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).

    Read More

  • AZA, DLI Effective Therapy for MDS, AML with Low Disease Burden

    March 2015
    Schroeder T, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant — Results of a multicenter analysis have found that azacitidine (AZA) and donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) can be a successful therapy for relapse after allogeneic HCT.

    Read More

  • HCT Better than Chemotherapy As Post-Remission Therapy for AML Patients Age 40-60

    February 2015
    Cornelissen JJ, et al. Leukemia — In this study comparing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), chemotherapy, and autologous HCT outcomes in 760 patients age 40-60 years with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in CR1, allogeneic HCT had improved 5-year survival compared with chemotherapy: 57% vs. 40%, respectively (p<0.001).

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  • Autologous, Allogeneic HCT Both Effective in Pediatric High-Risk AML

    February 2015
    Locatelli F, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant — A prospective multi-center study of 243 children with high-risk AML in CR1 undergoing allogeneic HCT (n=141) or autologous HCT (n=102), depending on availability of an HLA-compatible sibling donor.

    Read More

  • Review: How I Treat the Older Patient with AML

    January 2015
    Ossenkopple G, et al. Blood – In this installment of the “How I treat” series in Blood, the authors discuss the highly heterogeneous clinical biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) among patients and how those variations are relevant for prognosis and treatment choice.

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  • Donor vs. No Donor Study: Better Outcome with Allo-HCT in NPM1-Mutated AML

    January 2015
    Röllig C, et al. J Clin Oncol — In this prospective donor vs. no-donor analysis of adults (age 18 to 60 years) having AML with the NPM1 mutation, allogeneic HCT in first remission using HLA-identical sibling donors led to a significantly prolonged relapse-free survival (RFS) compared to consolidation or autologous HCT.

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  • Post-HCT Cyclophosphamide is Effective as Sole GVHD Prophylaxis

    December 2014
    Kanakry CG, et al. Blood — High-dose, post-transplant cyclophosphamide can successfully reduce severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after T-cell-replete allogeneic transplantation for AML, ALL, and MDS, using related and unrelated donors.

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  • Survival of Patients with AML Relapsing after Allogeneic HCT

    December 2014
    Bejanyan N, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant — This large-scale study of 1,231 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapsing after allogeneic HCT during first or second complete remission has identified several factors associated with longer post-relapse survival.

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  • Reduced-Intensity HCT Significantly Improves Survival in Elderly Patients with AML in CR1

    December 2014
    Versluis J, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2014 — Five-year relapse-free survival was higher in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients aged ≥60 years who underwent reduced-intensity allogeneic transplantation in first remission than in patients who did not undergo transplant, according to research results presented at the 2014 ASH Annual Meeting.

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  • Allogeneic HCT Better than Chemotherapy, Autologous HCT in Intermediate-Risk AML

    December 2014
    Esteve J, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2014 — A large-scale study of 630 intermediate-risk adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission who lack mutations of NPM1, FLT3-ITD, and CEBPA has shown that allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) yields better outcomes than high-dose cytarabine-based chemotherapy or autologous transplantation.

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  • FLT3 Mutation Affects Relapse, But Not Survival after HCT for AML

    December 2014
    Deol A, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2014 — A large-scale study of 511 adults undergoing transplant for de novo AML in first or second complete remission with (n=158) or without (n=353) FLT3 mutations has shown that those with the mutation have a significantly higher incidence of relapse, but that overall survival is comparable in the two patient cohorts.

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  • Comparable Transplant Outcomes in AML Regardless of Donor Source

    November 2014
    Warlick ED, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant — A study of 414 adults transplanted for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in remission between 2000 and 2010 at two institutions has found comparable 6-year overall survival across four donor types: matched related donors (47%); umbilical cord blood (36%); matched unrelated donors (54%); and mismatched unrelated donors (51%) (p=0.11).

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  • Review: HCT for Patients with AML in First Remission

    October 2014
    Gale RP, et al. Leukemia — This review focuses on the clinical evidence on whether individuals with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in first remission should undergo an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) versus receiving post-remission chemotherapy (or both).

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  • Review: Donor Selection for Adults Lacking a Matched Related or Unrelated Donor

    September 2014
    Eapen M, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant — Using a case study of a patient with de novo AML lacking a matched related or unrelated donor, the authors evaluate published current and relevant data on choosing between an umbilical cord blood transplant and a haploidentical transplant for this patient.

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  • Review: How I Treat Relapsed AML in Children

    June 2014
    Kaspers G. Brit J Haematol — This review discusses the practical clinical issues involved in the treatment of children with relapsed AML.

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  • Study Supports Salvage HCT for Relapsed Core Binding Factor AML

    March 2014
    Hobbs G, et al. BMT Tandem Meetings abstract oral presentation, March 2014 - A single-center study of 27 patients with relapsed core binding factor (CBF) AML has demonstrated that salvage hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can result in two-year progression-free survival of 80%.

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  • IPSS-R and Monosomal Karyotype Predict HCT Outcomes in MDS and AML

    March 2014
    Della Porta MG, et al. Blood — This multi-center study of 519 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia (&lt;30% marrow blasts) demonstrated that both monosomal karyotype and IPSS-R risk category are important factors predicting outcomes of allogeneic transplantation.

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  • Unrelated Donor, Cord Blood Grafts Yield Extended Survival in Older AML Patients

    February 2014

    Weisdorf DJ, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – Allogeneic transplantation using either unrelated donor or cord blood grafts “can produce extended and even curative long-term survival” in patients over age 50 with AML in first complete remission, according to a study of 740 transplants reported to CIBMTR and Eurocord.

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  • Pre-Transplant MRD Predicts HCT Outcome in AML

    February 2014
    Anthias C, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant -- Pre-transplant minimal residual disease (MRD) levels can predict hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) outcomes in patients with AML in first or subsequent remission, according to a single-center retrospective study of 88 adults undergoing myeloablative or reduced-intensity HCT.

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  • No Effect of Pre-Transplant Cytarabine Consolidation on AML Transplant Outcomes

    February 2014
    Warlick E, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant -- Pre-transplant cytarabine consolidation therapy has no effect on relapse, disease-free survival, and survival of adults transplanted for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1), according to a study of 604 transplants reported to CIBMTR.

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  • Comparing Chemotherapy to Allo-HCT in Post-Remission AML

    January 2014
    Stelljes M, et al. J Clin Oncol - Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is “the most potent post-remission therapy for AML,” according to the results of a multi-center, prospective matched pairs analysis of 185 adult patients with AML.

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  • HCT in CR1 Beneficial to Outcomes for Older AML Patients

    January 2014
    Michelis FV, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant - This single-center study examined outcomes of 242 consecutive adults transplanted for AML.

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  • Risk Factors in HCT for Cytogenetically Normal AML

    December 2013
    Schmid C, et al. ASH abstract oral presentation, December 2013 – In a large-scale study of 752 adult patients with cytogenetically normal AML, only two factors in a multivariate analysis were associated with poor overall survival (OS) after allogeneic HCT in first complete remission: patient age 50 years and older and presence of FLT3-ITD.

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  • Personalized Prognostic Information for Adult Leukemia Survivors after HCT

    November 2013
    Lee SJ, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant - By analyzing outcomes data of 3,339 adults with AML and 1,434 adults with ALL submitted to the CIBMTR, researchers have developed formulas to estimate future leukemia-free survival (LFS) of transplant recipients surviving one year or more post-transplant.

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  • IV Busulfan Better Than TBI in HCT for AML in CR1

    October 2013
    Copelan EA, et al. Blood - Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1) conditioned with intravenous busulfan (IV-Bu) have better outcomes than those receiving total body irradiation (TBI).

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  • IV Busulfan Better Than TBI in Pre-Transplant Conditioning

    October 2013
    Bredeson C, et al. Blood - Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients conditioned with intravenous busulfan (IV-BU) have better outcomes than those receiving total body irradiation (TBI), according to results of a prospective cohort study of 1,483 patients transplanted for myeloid malignancies.

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  • Better HCT Outcomes with Younger Unrelated Donors vs. Older Related Donors

    September 2013

    Ayuk F, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant - In this retrospective study of 168 patients with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission who underwent allogeneic HCT, five-year survival was significantly higher using unrelated donors ≤39 years compared to related donors >39 years: 66% vs. 34%, respectively (p=0.001).

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  • Similar Survival Using Sibling, Unrelated Donor, and Cord Blood Grafts in AML

    July 2013

    de Latour RP, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant - Reduced-intensity conditioning HCT in patients 50 years and older with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in complete remission has similar outcomes using sibling donors, unrelated donors, and cord blood units.

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  • Negative Impact of Minimal Residual Disease is Similar for AML in CR1 and CR2

    July 2013
    Walter RB, et al. Blood - A single-center study of 253 consecutive patients with AML has shown that the negative impact of pre-transplant minimal residual disease (MRD) is similar for patients in first and second complete remission (CR1, CR2), and that even minute levels (≤0.1%) are associated with significantly worse outcomes.

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  • Significant Improvement in HCT Survival Over Time

    June 2013

    Hahn T, et al. J Clin Oncol - Survival for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has significantly improved over time, according to a study of 38,060 patients with hematologic malignancies transplanted between 1994 and 2005 and reported to CIBMTR (Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research).

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  • Comparable Outcomes in AML/MDS Using Related, Unrelated Donors

    May 2013
    Robin M, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant - Matched unrelated or matched sibling donors can lead to comparable transplant survival, according to a single-center research study of 108 patients with AML (n=63) and MDS (n=45).

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  • To Transplant or Not: Clinical Decisions in Elderly Patients with AML

    May 2013

    Ustun C, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant - Although intensive induction chemotherapy can lead to complete remission rates of 40-60% in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), median survival is typically less than 12 months, according to the authors of this review article.

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  • Review: Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia

    May 2013

    Buckley SA, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant, Campana D, et al. Br J Haematol - In these two review articles on minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with acute leukemia, the authors discuss the recent research showing that the likelihood of relapse after transplant is directly associated with levels of MRD before transplant.

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  • HCT Outcomes Comparable in High- and Standard-Risk Pediatric AML

    April 2013

    Burke MJ, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant - In this single-institution study of 50 consecutive pediatric patients (median age 14.9 years) transplanted for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission, high-risk patients and standard-risk patients had comparable survival.

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  • Graft-Versus-Tumor Effects in Advanced Malignancies

    March 2013

    Storb R, et al. J Clin Oncol - A study of a minimal-intensity pre-transplant conditioning regimen consisting of low-dose total body irradiation with or without fludarabine has shown that it can induce strong graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effects leading to lasting remissions in 45% to 75% of patients.

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  • Allogeneic HCT in AML patients in second remission

    March 2013
    Burnett AK, et al. J Clin Oncol - In this study of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 1,271 of 3,919 patients age 16 to 49 years who did not receive a transplant in first complete remission (CR1) relapsed.

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  • The Myth of CR2 in Adult Acute Leukemia

    March 2013

    Forman SJ, et al. Blood - In this commentary in Blood, Drs. Stephen Forman and Jacob Rowe note that although allogeneic HCT in patients with relapsed acute leukemia in second remission (CR2) can be effective, most patients are not actually able to achieve CR2.

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  • AZA and DLI for Relapsed AML/MDS After HCT

    February 2013

    Schroeder T, et al. Leukemia - A first salvage therapy combining azacitidine (AZA) with donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) in relapsed transplant recipients has a 30% response rate, according to results of a recent study.

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  • T Cell-Depletion Yields Low Rates of Chronic GVHD, Relapse in Patients Transplanted for AML

    September 2011
    Devine SM, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant – Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) using T cell-depleted grafts can yield low rates of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and relapse in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in first remission (CR1), according to the results of Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network (BMT CTN) trial 0303.

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